Daniel r



(No Model!) D. R. EDWARDS.

WOOD CUTTING MACHINE.

No. 524,274.] Patent-ed Aug. 7, 1894;

H 12. I WITNESSES: Q ENTDR m: nnnn :5 ms nu..- mmo-umd, WASHINQTOK, n.c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WOOD-CUTTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 524,274, dated August'7, 1894.

' l Appli'cation filed February 19, 1894. Serial No. 500,638. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern- Beit known that I, DANIEL R. EDWARDS, acitizen of the United States, residing at Saginaw, in the county ofSaginaw and State of Michigan, have inventedcertain new andusefulImprovements inWood-Outting Machines; and I dodeclare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same,

' reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the lettersof reference marked thereon, which form a part of, this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for cutting wood,consisting of a frame supporting a revolving cylindercarrying saws, inconjunction with a spout for re-.

ceiving the material .to be out, and a throat plate or bed knives uponwhich the material rests while being cut.

My invention is somewhat similar in construction, and used for similarpurposes to the machine described in United States Letters Patent issuedSeptember 7, 1886, No. 348,768, and June 19, 1888, No. 384,704, andApril 29,

The objects of my invention are to provide an improved arrangement forthe cutting'cylinder by substituting saws instead of knives, andarranging them in a novel manner in connection with the collars by whichthey are held. Also to provide improved forms of collars, and animproved form of feed plate or spout upon which the material to be outis fed. The other machines of this class, heretofore used and describedin patents above i cited, have wide knives and cut chips of more uniformshape, while this improved machine, while cutting against the side ofthe grain of the wood, in which method it is intended principally to beused, tears the wood into shreds,

making the chips verysuperior for many purposes.

In the drawings, Figure I, is an end elevation of the cylinder, composedof collars, disks, and saws, showing also a cross section of the bedknives and front end of the frame which supports therevolving cylinder.Fig. II, is aftop view of the cylinder with its shaft and a portion ofthe frame, showing also a feed spout and bed knives. Fig. III, showsFigs. I, and II.

The'cutting cylinder A, in Fig. II, is composed of the collar 0,fastened to the shaft 13, and another collar 0, loose on the shaft, thesaws S, and the disks D, between the saws, the whole being clampedagainst the collar 0, by means of the nut N, screwed on the shaft B. Thecollars O, and 0, having their inner faces of parallel plane surfacesnot at right angles with the center of the shaft B, thus tipping all thedisks D, and saws S, to the same angle, thereby causing different teethof the saws S,to cutin separate planes of revolution, so that inoperation the saws cut across the whole surface of the pieces beingoperated u on. Y

The disks D, are made somewhat smaller than the diameter of the saws S,and one corner of the disks is cut away, as'shown' in Fig. 7

-II, or both corners maybe cut away as shown in D of Fig. III. This isdone in order that the chips cut may not fill up under the teeth of thesaws, but by the expanded opening a good clearance is given for them.

Another. form of disk is shown by D, Fig. IV, and Fig. III. In this formof disk the corners are not cut away throughout the wholecircumference,but only portions are cut out in the corners of the disks,in places corresponding to the gullets between the teeth of the saws.These cavities serve the same purpose of affording a clearance for thechips and maybe made only in one side of the disk, instead of bothsides, as shown by D hall the forms of the disks either D, or D, or D"the outer circumference forms the surface against which the sticks to beout strike as they slide down the feed spout F, and the distance whichthe teeth of the saws S, project beyond the circumference of the disksD, D, or D determines the coarseness of the chips to be cut.

The shape of the disk D is further shown in Fig. V, in which E, isasection of the disk through the line 0 O, and G, is the disk through theline P-P.

too

a sectionof seems When narrow sticks are presented en dwise to thecylinder A, they sometimes get between the saws and are moved laterallyto and fro by the saws without being cut. To obviate this feed spout F,in Figs. I, and II, is arranged with small ribs or corrugations on theupper surface, as shown in Fig. II, and in Fig. VI, which shows a crosssection on the line m. m. of Fig. II; the cross section in Fig. I, beingon the line 02. 'n.

In operation, it is the intention when the saws S wear smaller to makethe collars C, and C, and the disks D and D" smaller, or smaller disksmay be substituted for those which are too large, and with the disks Dit is the intention to have two or more sizes so that smaller ones maybe used successively as the saws wear away.

Instead of the ordinary form of solid tooth saws as shown,any ordinaryform of inserted tooth saws may be used,and thus obviate the difficultyof the wearing away of the saws, and the necessity of reducing the sizeof the disks and collars.

When the material to be cut slides down the incline surface of the feedspout F, of Fig. I, it rests on the cornerof thehardened steel bed knifeK, and is cut off by the saws S. Another bed knife K can be used whichwill serve the purpose of cutting the material finer than when only oneis used.

I am aware that in machines used for other purposes it is customary tohave the saws clamped between the collars whose faces are not squarewith the axis of revolution, but any ordinary arrangement where thecollars andthe disks are much smaller than the diameter of the sawswould not work in this machine. If the saws project considerably. beyondthe circumference of the collars and the disks, say one or more inches,the sticks to be out, which fall by gravity down the inclined feedplate, would not stop until they had fallen against the disks, whichwould result either in the breaking of the saws, or the chips would betoo coarse, and if the pieces which were to be out were smaller than thedistance between the saws, and should strike endwise between them, thesaws would pull them through, breaking them in quite long pieces insteadof cutting them into chips of.

the proper size, so that it is quite essential for the proper operationof the machine that the collars and disks be nearly as large as thesaws.

In practice itis customary to have the teeth of the saws project fromabout one-eighth to one-half of an inch, depending on the kind ofmaterial to be cut, and the desired coarseness of the chips; and as thespace between the disks immediately in front of the saw teeth wouldbecome clogged by accumulation of small chips, it is quite essentialthat the collars be constructed to afford clearance for the chips in themethod above described.

It is my intention to use any ordinary frame and hearings to support thecylinder A, by its shaft B, and the frame being similar in constructionto those shown in the patents above cited,the cylinder A, havingacoverover 1t similar to those machines.

I do not claim as new the bed knivesK, and K, or the inclined feed spoutshown in F, of Fig. I, my invention in that part being confined simplyto the ribs or corrugations of the feed spout, as shown in Figs. VI, andII.

It is obvious, of course, that any number of saws and disks can be used,making the cylinder long enough to admit sticks fullleng th sidewiseagainst the cylinder; and the dlSKS be of any thickness suitable, theirangle of inclination with the axis being determined according to theirthickness, so that the saws may cut across the whole surface. I

While I prefer the construction above described, it is obvious that byusing very thtn disks, about the thickness of the saws, thus increasinglargely the number of both disks and saws, and having the disks entirelyplain on their outer circumference, and almost as large in diameter asthe saws, that the machines would operate practically in the same mannerand. equally as well. If, when thus constructed, each alternate tooth inthe saws should be bent sidewise as shown at D"", Fig. III, or set inopposite directions to the extent equal to one half the thickness of thedisks, so that the teeth when thus set in all the saws would cover allthe disks, it is obv ous that the saws might revolve in planes at rightangles with the axis of revolution and still cut across the wholesurface of the piece being operated upon; so that I do not wrslr toconfine my invention to the use of saws which are not set square withthe axis of revolution. It is also obvious that the disks between thesaws could be made extremely th n, or be entirely omitted, and the wholecuttlng cylinder be composed of saws tightly clamped together. equallyeffective in cutting the wood into chips. And so while I may use thisarrangement in machines of small capacity, where the cutting cylindersare short, and consequently the number of saws would be small, in largermachines the increased cost of the increased number ofsaws would lead meto prefer to fill up between the saws with disks, as before described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine for cutting wood, a frame This arrangement would also besupporting a revolving cylinder composed of two collars clamping betweenthem saws and disks, one or both of the corners of the disks adjacent tothe saws being cut away for the clearance of the chips, substantially asde scribed.

2. In a machine for cutting wood the com bination with a frame and aninclined feed spout having on its upper surface ribs or corrugations, ofa revolving cylinder journaled in the frame consisting of collars anddisks and saws between the disks clamped together by collars,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a machine for'cutting wood the com- .bination with a frame havingan inclined feed spout'upon the upper surface of which are ribs orcorrugations in the line of the feed, of a revolviugcylinder composed ofa series of saws and disks between the saws, the saws and disks clampedbetween collars whose inner surfaces are parallel planes and not atright angles with the axis of revolution of the cylinder, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a machine for cutting wood, the combination of a frame supportinga revolving cylinder composed of two collars clamping between them sawsand disks, the disks having cavities in their outer edges correspondingand adjacent to the cavities between the teeth .of the saws, for theclearance of the chips, substantially as described.

5. In a machine for cutting wood, the combination of a frame supportinga revolving cylinder, composed of two collars clamping between them sawsand disks, the disks having cavities'in their outer edges correspondingand adjacent to the cavities between the teeth of the saws for theclearance of chips, in combination with an inclined feed spout, and oneor more bed knives, substantially as described.

6. In a machine for cutting wood, the combination of a frame supportinga revolving cylinder composed of two collars with their inner surfacesconsisting of planes parallel presence of two inner surfaces consistingof planes parallel but not at right angles with the axis of revolution,and clamping between them saws and disks, the disks having cavities intheir outer Y surfaces corresponding and adjacent to the cavitiesbetween the teeth of the saws, for'the clearance of chips,'with aninclined feed spout and one or more bed knives, substantially asdescribed.

8. In a machine for cutting wood, a frame having an inclined feed spout,and carrying a revolving cylinder composed of two collars clampingbetween them saws and disks, the disks extending to partly inclose theteeth of the saws, substantially as described.

9. In a machine for cutting wood, a frame having an inclined feed spout,and carrying a revolving cylinder composed of two collars clampingbetween them disks and saws, the teeth of the saws being bent so as toentirely cover the disks, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in witnesses. DANIEL R.EDWARDS. Witnesses:

JOHN Q. ANDERSON,

NINA J. DAVIDSON.

